How Probiotics Impact Mood & Mental Wellness
, by Aussie Pharma Direct, 4 min reading time
Traditionally, probiotics have been celebrated for their role in maintaining gut health by promoting a balanced microbiome. A diverse and balanced microbiome is essential for proper digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system regulation.
But in recent years, the scientific community has been unravelling a captivating and intricate relationship between gut health and mental well-being. The human body, it seems, is more interconnected than we ever imagined, with the gut and brain engaged in a constant conversation that influences not only our digestion but also conditions such as anxiety, depression, and even neurodevelopmental disorders.
The gut-brain axis
In the intricate web of the human body, there exists a communication network that, until recently, was hidden in plain sight—a fascinating connection known as the gut-brain axis.
The communication between the gut and the brain occurs through a variety of channels, including the nervous system, immune system, and hormonal pathways. But how do these signals influence our emotions, cognition, and mental well-being?
Imagine the last time you felt butterflies in your stomach before a big presentation or a date. This sensation is a tangible example of the gut-brain connection in action. The brain interprets the signals from the gut, and in turn, the brain's response—such as the release of stress hormones—can affect gut function. This is why stress or anxiety can lead to digestive discomfort.
This gut-brain axis has paved the way for a groundbreaking concept: psychobiotics—probiotics with the potential to positively influence mental wellness.
Role of probiotics on stress, anxiety and mood
In a world characterised by constant demands and challenges, the experience of stress and anxiety has become an almost ubiquitous part of modern life, and recent research suggests that priobiotics may hold the key to easing stress and anxiety. Let’s explore how they do so:
- Stress hormone regulation
Central to the physiological stress response is the release of cortisol, a hormone that prepares our body to face challenges. Certain strains of probiotics have shown promise in modulating the release of stress hormones. These microorganisms interact with the gut-brain axis influencing signals sent between the gut and the brain. Probiotics' impact on cortisol levels is thought to result from their ability to regulate inflammation, dampening the chronic low-grade inflammation associated with heightened stress responses.
- Anxiety reduction
Studies in both animals and humans have explored the connection between certain probiotics and their influence on anxiety-related behaviours.
One mechanism through which probiotics might exert their anxiolytic effects is by influencing neurotransmitter production. Probiotics, particularly those in the psychobiotic category, can increase the availability of neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin, which are known for their calming and mood-stabilising properties. By promoting the production of these neurotransmitters, probiotics might alleviate symptoms of anxiety and create a more serene mental state.
- Reduced gut inflammation for mood regulation
Studies have shown that individuals with conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often experience heightened levels of inflammation in the gut. Remarkably, these individuals also exhibit a higher prevalence of mood disorders. By fostering a balanced gut microbiome, probiotics might help regulate the immune response and inflammation levels. This, in turn, could create a ripple effect on the gut-brain axis, potentially alleviating the chronic low-grade inflammation associated with mood disorders.
Role of probiotics and depression
The role of inflammation in the development of depression has garnered significant attention in recent years. Chronic inflammation, often triggered by an overactive immune response, has been linked to depressive symptoms.
Emerging studies suggest that certain probiotics have the ability to modulate inflammation by promoting a balanced gut microbiome. These beneficial microorganisms can act as regulators, curbing the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that contribute to the development of depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
The interplay between our gut health and our mental wellness is a remarkable testament to the intricacies of our biology, however, the potential for probiotics to enhance mental wellness, while promising, isn't a one-size-fits-all solution. It's a piece of a broader puzzle that includes lifestyle, genetics, environment, and individual health.