Testosterone is often referred to as the "male sex hormone," and is a vital component of both male and female physiology. While men typically have higher levels of testosterone, women also have naturally occurring levels of this hormone. It plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, influencing muscle mass, bone density, and libido in both sexes. 

We tend to hear more concerns about low testosterone, but what happens when the levels get too high? In this blog post, we'll look into the signs, symptoms, and implications of high testosterone levels in men. 

Testosterone at a glance

Testosterone is a sex hormone, found in both men and women, although at significantly different levels. It's primarily produced in the testicles for men and the ovaries for women, with smaller amounts coming from the adrenal glands.

Testosterone plays a pivotal role in regulating several essential functions within the male body. Primarily, it influences sexual function by stimulating libido, aiding in sperm production, and supporting erectile function. Additionally, testosterone contributes to the development of facial and body hair during puberty and influences voice deepening but beyond sexual health, testosterone is crucial for maintaining muscle mass and strength, promoting bone density, and regulating fat distribution. 

What testosterone level is normal?

The normal range for testosterone levels can vary slightly depending on factors such as age, sex, and individual health status. 

In healthy adult men, the typical range for total testosterone levels in the bloodstream is between 300 to 1,000 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL), however, it's important to note that testosterone levels naturally decline with age, with levels typically decreasing by about 1% per year after the age of 30.

For men, testosterone levels below 300 ng/dL may be considered low and could indicate a condition known as hypogonadism. On the other hand, excessively high testosterone levels, typically above 1,000 ng/dL, can also be problematic and may indicate an underlying health issue.

What are the signs of high testosterone in men?

High testosterone levels in men can manifest through various physical, emotional, and behavioural signs. Here's a closer look at the indicators of high testosterone levels:

Physical signs:

• Increased muscle mass
• Excessive body hair growth
• Acne
• Weight gain (from increased appetite)
• Swelling in the legs and ankles
• Excessive sweating
• Shrinking of the testicles
• Prostate enlargement with difficulty urinating

Sexual health:

• Low sperm counts
• Impotence
• Heightened libido or sexual desire

Cardiovascular health:

• Heart muscle damage and increased risk of heart attack
• High blood pressure
• Increased risk of blood clots

Metabolic health:

• High cholesterol
• Insomnia
• Headaches

Emotional/Behavioural signs:

• Mood swings
• Impulsivity
• Euphoria
• Irritability
• Impaired judgement
• Delusions

Possible health implications of high testosterone

While testosterone is essential for various bodily functions, chronically high levels of this hormone can pose several health risks. Here's an exploration of potential implications:

1. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

High testosterone levels have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke. Elevated testosterone levels may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and other cardiovascular risk factors, such as high blood pressure and lower levels of HDL (good) cholesterol.

2. Impact on prostate health

Studies suggest testosterone doesn't directly cause prostate cancer, but it may influence its growth if cancer is already present. Lowering testosterone levels might help reduce the risk of prostate cancer returning or progressing.  Currently, there is no strong evidence that testosterone replacement therapy directly increases the risk of developing prostate cancer.

3. Possible link to mood disorders

While the exact mechanisms underlying this relationship are not fully understood, fluctuations in testosterone levels may influence neurotransmitter activity and mood regulation in the brain. High testosterone levels have been linked to symptoms of irritability, aggression, and mood swings, which can impact overall emotional well-being.

Causes of high levels of testosterone

The causes of high testosterone levels in men can vary and may be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

1. Genetic predisposition

Genetic factors can play a significant role in determining an individual's testosterone levels. Some men may inherit genetic variations that result in naturally higher testosterone production or reduced metabolism of testosterone, leading to elevated levels.

2. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Despite its name suggesting ovarian involvement, PCOS can also affect men. Men with certain genetic predispositions may develop clinical characteristics similar to PCOS, such as elevated testosterone levels, insulin resistance, and obesity. While they don't have ovaries, these genetic risk factors can lead to hormonal imbalances akin to those seen in women with PCOS. 

3. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)

CAH is a genetic disorder that affects the adrenal glands, leading to overproduction of adrenal hormones, including testosterone. In males with CAH, elevated testosterone levels may manifest during puberty and can result in symptoms such as early onset of puberty, excessive hair growth, and infertility.

4. Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) 

While testosterone replacement therapy is primarily used to treat low testosterone levels (hypogonadism), excessive or inappropriate use of TRT can lead to supraphysiological levels of testosterone in some individuals. Improper dosing or administration of testosterone medications can result in elevated testosterone levels and associated health risks.

5. Anabolic Steroid Abuse

Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone that are often used illicitly to enhance athletic performance and muscle growth. Abuse of anabolic steroids can lead to excessively high levels of testosterone, along with a range of adverse health effects, including cardiovascular complications, liver damage, and psychiatric disorders.

6. Stress and lifestyle factors

Chronic stress, inadequate sleep, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyle habits can contribute to hormonal imbalances, including elevated testosterone levels. Stress-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can lead to increased secretion of adrenal hormones, including testosterone, in some individuals.

Treatments for high testosterone levels

The appropriate treatment for high testosterone levels will largely depend on the underlying cause of the imbalance. Which is why it’s always important to identify the source of elevated testosterone with your doctor to determine the most effective treatment approach.

1. Treatment for tumour

In some cases, a tumour on the adrenal or pituitary glands can produce excess sex hormones, including testosterone. If a tumour is found to be the cause of high testosterone levels, surgical removal, chemotherapy or radiation therapy might be necessary.

2. Medication

Various medications can help manage and lower high testosterone levels when caused by underlying health conditions:

• Steroid synthesis inhibitors - Drugs like ketoconazole (Nizoral) are used in cases such as Cushing’s disease to block the production of steroids by the adrenal glands.
• Alpha reductase inhibitors - Medications such as finasteride (Proscar) are used to treat conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia by preventing the conversion of testosterone into its more potent form, dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
• Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) analogs - Agents like degarelix (Firmagon) are used to control testosterone levels in patients undergoing treatment for prostate cancer by suppressing the hormone's production.

3. Ceasing steroid use

If you're using steroids for bodybuilding or athletic performance enhancement, stopping their use can significantly lower your testosterone levels. It's important to note that steroid use comes with its own set of health risks, so discussing this with a doctor is crucial. 

Tips to get your testosterone levels in check

Balancing your testosterone levels can lead to improved mood, increased muscle strength, better sexual function, and overall health. Whether you're dealing with high or low testosterone, these tips can help regulate your levels and enhance your well-being:

1. Regular exercise - Engage in both resistance training and aerobic workouts regularly.

2. Balanced diet - Eat a nutritious mix of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, focusing on whole foods.

3. Stress management - Implement relaxation techniques like meditation and yoga.

4. Adequate sleep - Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep per night.

5. Avoid excessive alcohol and tobacco: Limit intake to moderate levels.

6. Regular medical checkups: Consult with healthcare providers to monitor hormone levels.

7. Consider supplementation - If you're looking for natural ways to supplement your diet to help manage testosterone levels, consider options that include ingredients known for supporting men's sexual health. Some beneficial supplements contain:

• Horny Goat Weed: Known to help improve blood flow and sexual function.
• Korean Ginseng: Often used to enhance sexual arousal and combat erectile dysfunction.
• Cordyceps: Traditionally used to increase stamina and sexual energy.
• Fenugreek Extract: Shown to boost libido and sexual performance.

In fact, there is one particular natural supplement available that combines all these effective ingredients — the Australian NaturalCare Testofen® & Horny Goat Weed. This supplement is specifically formulated to support sexual health and hormone balance, making it a great choice for those looking to naturally manage their testosterone levels

Conclusion

High testosterone can be a complex issue, but understanding the potential causes and treatment options is a great first step. If you're concerned about your testosterone levels, consult with a healthcare professional. They can assess your individual situation, recommend appropriate testing, and develop a personalised treatment plan to address your specific needs. Remember,  taking charge of your health is key, and always keep an open communication with your doctor.

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Health & Wellbeing Men's Health Supplements Tips